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SUMMARY
In the 1950s, fuel cells were hailed as the next step in the production
energy. A few proved themselves in space, others in utility demonstration
projects but the technology never really took off until now.
Because these electrochemical devices convert fuels such as hydrogen and
methanol directly into electrical energy without combustion they create
virtually no pollution. So they do not add carbon dioxide and other so-called
"Greenhouse Gases" to the atmosphere. Moreover, new developments in catalysts
and improved reliability have made them viable candidates in a board range of
energy applications.
No doubt about it, within the next decade, fuel cells will be providing energy
for cars and trucks, producing electricity for utilities, and heating and
cooling homes and businesses. They may even replace the expensive batteries in
personal computers with power sources that can run for almost a year on a
teaspoonful of alcohol.
The advent of the fuel cell will transform the energy industry. Already, some
companies that have become leaders in fuel cell development over the long haul
are very hot stocks on Wall Street. From major automakers to huge utilities,
planners are already integrating the fuel cell into their long-range
strategies. Some market analysts predict that fuel cells will become a billion
dollar market in the next decade.
- Business Opportunities
- Industry News
- Hybrid Systems
- Regulations
- Transportation Developments
- Technology Insights
- Catalysts and Reformers
- Utility Applications
- Energy Policy
TABLE OF CONTENTS
- INTRODUCTION
- 2004 -- YEAR IN REVIEW
- Looking Back; Eyeing the Future
- Portable
- Stationary
- Transportation
- Transportation (Continued)
- Hydrogen Infrastructure
- Business Moves
- Other
- ALKALINE FUEL CELLS
- Cenergie Resurrects ZeTek Prospects
- Astris Pens Agreement with Plasma Environmental
- Amine-Fueled Portable FC Patented
- Amine-Fueled Portable FC Patented (Continued)
- Amine-Fueled Portable FC Patented (Continued)
- BALANCE OF PLANT
- Nextek-Ballard 75 kW Gateway
- H2 Sensor Offers Big Sensitivity Increase
- Yashida Now Shipping Micro Heat Exchanger
- Evionyx Patents Recharging System
- Evionyx Patents Recharging System (Continued)
- BUSINESS OPPORTUNITIES
- LIPA Wants 10 MW of Fuel Cell Capacity
- LIPA Holds Conference for 10 MW Project Proposers
- LIPA Holds Conference for 10 MW .. (Continued)
- PA Sets Fund for Clean Eenergy
- NASA Stennis Seeks H2 Partners
- California Offers Energy Grants
- DOE Wants 100 MW Coal Fuel Cell
- Army Seeks Fuel Reformer
- STAC Solicits Energy Projects
- DOE Grant for High Temp Low Humidity PEM
- R&D Opportunities of the 6th European Framework
- DOD RFP for SBIR R&D Grants
- Du Pont Fuel Cells Delivers New DMFC Technology
- Servatron to Build ReliOn PEMs
- BUSINESS REVIEW
- Fuel Cells and Premium Portable Power
- Driving Forces
- Leading Developers
- Table 1 VALUE OF PREMIUM PORTABLE POWER SOURCES ($ MILLIONS)
- COMMENTARY
- Integration of the Fuel Cell Powered Vehicle into Mainstream U.S.
- The Kaleidiscopic Focus on Sources of Hydrogen
- The Kaleidiscopic Focus on Sources of Hydrogen (Continued)
- When Does a Niche Become a Sector?
- When Does a Niche Become a Sector? (Continued)
- When Does a Niche Become a Sector? (Continued)
- Do Hybrid Strategies Reveal the Future?
- Do Hybrid Strategies Reveal the Future? (Continued)
- Time to Add Islands to the Short List
- Time to Add Islands to the Short List (Continued)
- At Long Last Price Erosion
- At Long Last Price Erosion (Continued)
- At Long Last Price Erosion (Continued)
- Killer App's for Fuel Cells Is the Industry Ready?
- Killer App's for Fuel Cells Is the Industry Ready? (Continued)
- Energy Policy Act Very Kind to Fuel Cells
- Energy Policy Act Very Kind to Fuel Cells (Continued)
- Energy Policy Act Very Kind to Fuel Cells (Continued)
- Keeping the Costs Falling
- 2005- Another Quasi Dire Performance in Fuel Cell Sector?
- 2005- Another Quasi Dire Performance .. (Continued)
- The Future Arrives Faster than Expected
- The Future Arrives Faster than Expected (Continued)
- DIRECT METHANOL FUEL CELL
- Polyfuel Improves Lifetime of Membrane
- New High Volume UltraCell Facility
- Ener1 Preparing DMFCs for Rest Stop
- MTI to Launch Military Product
- PolyFuel Has Better Membrane
- Du Pont Patents DMFC Heater
- Navy Issues DMFC RFI
- Sanyo, IBM Unveil Prototype Cell
- Fuel Cells Nurture Japanese Strawberries
- Power Density Pushed Beyond Li Batteries
- MTI Micro Delivers Prototype DMFCs to the Navy
- MTI Micro Delivers Prototype DMFCs to the Navy (Continued)
- HYDDROGEN AND HYDROGEN INFRASTRUCTURE
- Plug Power Fields Three Generation Stations
- ChevronTexaco Opens Its First H2 Fueling Station
- Mazda Building Hydrogen Station
- Burbank to Build a Refueling Station
- Vermont to Get H2 Station
- Vermont to Get H2 Station (Continued)
- Fuel Cell/H2 Programs in Japan
- H2 Highway Planned for Norway
- VW Opens Solar H2 Refueling Station
- General Physics Completes Chino, H2 Refueling Station
- Proposed Florida H2 Station Encounters Siting Snags
- Air Products Supplies Mobile Stations to Toyota
- ECD Ovonics Considers NiMH Testing Center
- Fukuoka Designated for H2Tech Research Zone
- Millennium Gains Phase II Funding for DOD Work
- Nippon Steel Produces H2 from Sludge
- Progress in Beijings Olympic H2 Village
- REB Research Gets $2.34 Million DOE Grant for H2 Production
- Quantum Awarded Contract
- GTI Develops Hydrogen Fueling Station
- Material for Storing Hydrogen Developed
- NV Hydrogen Station Deal for Proton
- NV Hydrogen Station Deal for Proton (Continued)
- HYBRID SYSTEMS
- Prince Edward Island Wind-H2 Project
- Vancouver Town Plans Hybrid System
- Unst Project Gets Funding Boost
- PURE Project Activated on Unst
- Wakkanai and Muroran City to Develop Hybrid Systems
- 250 kW Unit to Power Japan Eco-Community
- 250 kW Unit to Power Japan Eco-Community (Continued)
- INDUSTRY NEWS
- Dynetek Delivers Storage Systems
- Astris Acquies Czech Affiliate
- DaimlerChrysler, Ford Invest in Ballard
- ECD Reports Positive Earnings
- Ballard Reports 2004 Financial Results
- Joint Venture for Hotel Fuel Cells
- Japan Increases Fuel Cell Funding
- Strong Year for Distributed Energy
- Japan Budgets $335 M for Fuel Cells
- Rolls-Royce Partners With Singapore Investors
- More Government H2 Web Sites
- Antig to Ship Micro DMFC
- AMI Supplying SOFCs to USAF
- Idatech Finds German Partner
- Medis Reports Annual Results
- LIPA Installs PV-FC System
- Plug Power Gets On GSA Buy List
- Voller Energy Now Trading
- Magnatek Reorganizes for Alternatives
- CellCare/Idatech Form Relationship
- Palcan Finds More Funding
- Quantum Sphere Engages Doppstein
- FCT Seeks New Backing
- Plug Reports 1st Quarter Progress
- Hydrogenics, Hitachi Zosen Alliance
- 5 kW SOFC Shipped to U of Liege
- General Dynamics, Medis Expand Security
- Ballard Expands, Ends Relationships
- Ballard Expands, Ends Relationships (Continued)
- 2Volvo and Statoil Form Powercell
- Plug Power Issues Report on Progress
- FC Consortium Formed in Japan
- Proton Formalizes Onsite H2 Distribution
- FCE Reports Q3 Results
- General Hydrogen Preps for Early Production
- Idatech Electragen CE Certified
- Acta Signs Catalyst Deal With Sumitomo
- Olympus Signs Deal with Qinetiq
- Hydrogen Plant to be Built in Idaho
- Nuvera & Fiat Partner for FC Vehicle Engines
- Quantum Revenue Up on Tecstar Ops
- Cellennium Thailand Gains Grid Concession
- Plug Power Receives California Multiple Awards Listing
- AGREEMENTS
- Ceres Power Inks Deal with British Gas
- SiGEN to Sell P 21 High Reliability Systems
- PEOPLE
- Gary Flood Assumes CEO post at ReliOn
- FuelCell Energy Promotes Two
- Hydrogenics Appoints New CFO
- FuelCell Energy Promotes Two to Executive VP
- Hydrogenics Appoints New CFO
- Gary Flood Assumes CEO post at ReliOn
- New Director for Nuvera Europe
- Ceramic Fuel Cells Has New CEO
- New VPEngineering for MTI
- Jadoo Gets New CFO
- Manfredi Joins Ener1 Board
- PRODUCTS
- Cellex Completes Alpha Tests with Fork Lifts
- Nippon Shokubai To Produce Ceramic Sheets
- MERGERS, JOINT VENTURES
- De Nora Merging with PEMEAS
- Air Products to Pipe H2 to an Apartment House
- Mitsubishi to Develop FCV Bodies, Not FCs
- Hybrid Fuel Cell Propulsion Systems for Undersea Weapons
- Making Hydrogen From Landfill Gas
- Tropical S.A. Will Distribute Astris Energi Fuel Cells in Greece
- Plug Power Finds Partner for UK Telecom Products
- Mitsubishi Kakoki to Market Questair Products in Asia
- SOFC Joint Venture by H.C. Stack and Webasco
- Indian Companies to Build a Fuel Cell Car
- Worldwide Energy Licenses ORNL Technology
- KTS In Effort With Webasto and Starck
- FINANCIAL
- Ballard Announces 1st Quarter Results
- Protonex Raises $9 Million
- QuestAir Secures $3 Million
- Plug Power Offers 11 Million Shares
- INTERNATIONAL
- PERSONNEL
- Brdar Now President of FCE
- Hydrogenics Appoints Munjal VP of Corporate Development
- New Overseas Chief for Plug Power
- Changes at Ballard
- Smart Fuel Cell CEO Joins Company's Board
- DiGiuseppe to head SOFC Research at Kettering
- Dr. Venki Raman joins Viren Board of Directors
- Wide Personnel Restructuring at Enova
- New Board member for ARSC
- R&D
- Teledyne Developing Low-Cost H2 Systems
- Franklin Operates on Gasoline
- NHA Student Design Contest Concentrates on Storage
- Austrian H2 Research Center and Fueling Station Open
- Korean Researchers Store H2 in Ice
- GOVERNMENT
- Strong Support for Joint Technology Initiative (JTI)
- South Korea Plans for Hydrogen
- DOE Adjusts H2 Price Goal Upward
- Report on Canadian Bus Fleet Transition to FCs Released
- NICHE APPLICATION
- General Hydrogen Receives Order from Bridgestone
- INDUSTRY
- Samtech Prepares High- Pressure H2 Storage Tanks
- Quantum Leap Becomes ClearEdge Power
- Casio Leaves PC Market, Re-enters Laptop FCs Market
- Sulzer Hexis Venture Capital to End
- ITM Power Develops Alkaline DMFC Materials
- Sandpiper Technologies Offers Rent-to-Own DMFC
- SHIPMENTS & Contracts
- Millennium Cell Awarded U.S. Army Phase I SBIR Contract
- U.S. Army Formic Acid Fuel Cell STTR Contract for Giner
- Altex Technologies Develops Fuel Cell Power Generator for U.S. Army
- ARSC Hydra Unit to Ship Silicon-based Hydrogen Fuel Cells in January
- CSA Certifies FuelCell Energy Power Plant
- Progress Energy Installs Plug Power Hydrogen Fuel Cell at Nursing
Facility
- Astris Energi Reports FQ3 2005 Net Loss
- RESOURCES
- Fuel Cells 2000 Publishes 2005 Fuel Cell Directory
- Report Cites Ways to Ease Natural Gas Crisis
- SECA Workshop Papers Available
- Briefly Noted
- Entergris Names New President
- Ener1 to Acquire Giner Electrochemical Systems
- Hydrogenics Corp. Changes its Board of Directors
- Canada's Ontario Province to Focus Spending on Commercializing Fuel
Cell Technology
- Voller Energy Group to List on London's Alternative Investment Market
- The Glenn Research Center Wwants More Robotic Missions Beyond Earth
- Astris Focuses on Alkaline Fuel Cells
- INTERVIEW
- Anuvu Moving from Development to Commercialization
- Florida Spinning a Hydrogen Highway Web
- Florida Spinning a Hydrogen Highway Web (Continued)
- Florida Spinning a Hydrogen Highway Web (Continued)
- MICRO CELLS and MICRO FUEL CELLS
- Nanosys, Sharp In Developmemt Deal
- Center Invests in Kinetic Energy Cell
- Ansaldo Fuel Cells Near Market
- FuelCell Energy's 2004 Achievement
- MTI's First Shipments of Micro DMFCs
- Two Cos to Test H2 Production
- FuelCell Energy Ups Capacity, Reduces Cost
- EBLWG Guidelines for Notebook PC Fuel Cells
- Enhanced Capacity for FOMA Handsets
- Samsung to Market Butane-Fueled FC in 2007
- Starwood Expands FuelCell Energy MCFC Use to Westin Brand
- SOFC
- PAFC
- MILITARY
- Soldier FC Power System Accelerated
- Lynntech Developing Formic Acid Military FC
- FuelCell Energy, Air Products to Build Integrated System
- POLYMER ELECTROLYTE MEMBRANE
- Nedstack Starts 50 MW Pilot Plant
- Solar-Powered H2 Filling Station
- Renewable Hydrogen Plus Fuel Cells in NM
- Manhattan Scientifics Receives Patent
- Cosmo Oil Tests Toshiba LPG PEM
- Nuvera Shipping 5 kW Systems
- Ebara Ballard Delivers 1 kW Unit
- Idatech Shows 250 W Portable
- Japanese Firms Plan for FC Deployment
- Hydrogenics Shipping 25-Unit UPS Order
- Plugging Into Manure Methane
- Gencore Units Go to Florida DEP
- Patent for Reconfigurable Flows in the Stack
- Plug to Supply USAF With Continuous Run Units
- Tokyo Gas Places FCs in New Homes
- FC Micro-CHP for Scottish House
- Design Patented for Reliable Water Discharge
- Ballard, Ebara Firm Plans for CHP Work
- PEM Fuel Cell College Text Published
- NASA Contracts Teledyne for a 7 kW Cell
- Matsushita Sets New Goal for Residential Unit
- Saibu Gas Co. Testing PEM Cogen Units
- Osaka Gas Achieves Milestone
- DuPont Improves Its Membrane
- Fuel Cell Based on Chip Manufacturing
- PHOSPHORIC ACID FUEL CELLS
- UTC PC25C Certified for GHG Reduction
- UTC Power Fuel Cell Sites Win Awards
- Taiwanes Firm to Develop FC Scooter
- PROTON EXCHANGE MEMBRANE AND PORTABLE APPLICATIONS
- Medis Shipping Portable Cells
- Protonex Teams To Power Portable PCs
- SFC Sails Into Boating Market
- $22 Million Deal for MagPower
- Canon Develops Micro Fuel Cell
- $300,000 IRAPNRC Grant to Palcan
- Micromachine with Coated Membrane
- Tokyo Gas Begins Selling Home PEM CHP Units
- Sanyo PEMs Targeted for Osaka Homes
- Ballard Claims Three Advances
- Briefly Noted
- Hybrid Inorganic/Organic Polymer May Offer Improved Proton Conductivity
- Russians Use Mathematical Modeling
- REGULATIONS/ REGULATORY
- International Rules for Fuel Cartridges
- Japan MLIT Relaxes and Expands Regs
- Voller Portable FC Receives CE Certification
- SOLID OXIDE FUEL CELLS
- Is Hybrid a New Buzz Word?
- Hybrid SOFC Aircraft Auxiliary Power Unit
- Celltech Preparing 5 kW Beta Unit
- CERES Patents Metal Substrates
- FCT Second-Sources Ceramic Tubes
- Haldor Topse Forms Subsidiary
- Sulzer Hexis Adapts 1 kW Unit to LPG
- Sulzer Hexis Reaches One Million Operating Hours
- CFC Plans High Volume Manufacturing Plant
- FCT Ships Four SOFCs in First Quarter
- DTI Funds SOFC R&D
- Fideris/HTceramix Demos SOFC
- DKKK Builds Pilot ScSZ plant
- Brazing Ceramic To Graphite
- Brazing Ceramic To Graphite (Continued)
- CFCL Ships First Unit
- 5 kW Unit Runs on Diesel Reformate
- ARC, Pirelli Developing Tubular System
- DOE Initiates Two Coal-Fueled Projects
- GE to Develop an Integrated Gasification Fuel Cell System
- DOE HiTEC Awards Five SOFC Projects
- Worldwide Licences ORNL SOFC
- Nippon Shokubai Opens Facility
- Rolls-Royce Fuel Cell Initiatives
- Sulzer Hexis Closes FC Operations
- STANDARDS
- Big Three Contracts NextEnergy For Codes
- IEEE Issues Standard for Interconnection Tests
- Ballard to Supply Cellex with Fork Lift FCs
- Ballard to Supply Cellex with Fork Lift FCs (Continued)
- STATIONARY
- Plug Power Tests Next Gen FCs
- Acumentrics Ships 5kW SOFC
- APC Intros FC Back Up PU
- High Temp FCs Hike Oil Shale Recovery
- High Temp FCs Hike Oil Shale Recovery (Continued)
- TECHNOLOGY INSIGHT
- Milestone Met to Develop Small Fuel Cell
- Toagesei Progresses with DMFC Membrane
- Florida Park Gets Solar-H2 FC Wildlife Pavilion
- U.S. DOE High-Temperature Membranes Progress Report
- This project involves
- Experimental Results
- Physical Chemistry
- New Membranes
- Industrial and Other Collaborative Interactions
- Project Summaries
- Project Summaries (Continued)
- Project Summaries (Continued)
- Conclusions
- Showa Develops Molded Carbon/Resin Separator
- Patent Trends In The Fuel Cell Industry
- Global Patent Trends
- Fuel Cell Applications
- Analyzing Applications
- Portable Electronics
- Potential of Nanotechnology
- Regional Trends
- Maturing Technology
- Conclusion
- Fuel Cell Demonstration Using Coal Mine Methane
- Fuel Cell Demonstration
- Market Potential
- Biomass Gasification Systems For Hydrogen Production
- Process Descriptions
- BIOSYN Gasification and Gas Conditioning Technologies
- FERCO SilvaGas Process
- MTCI Process
- RENUGAS Process
- FICFB Process
- CHEMREC Process
- SVZ Schwarze Pumpe GmbH
- Business Opportunities and Issues to Be Resolved
- Commercialization Issues
- Preparing for Commercialization
- Fuel Infrastructure
- Hindering Business Feasibility
- A Comparison between the Reliability of Fuel Cell Systems and Batteries
in Uninterruptible Power Supplies
- Comparison
- Reliability Assessment: Batteries
- Reliability Assessment: Fuel Cells
- A Comparison of the Reliability of Fuel Cell Systems and Batteries in
Uninterruptible Power Supplies
- Comparison
- An Assessment of Reliability: Battery Systems
- An Assessment of Reliability: Fuel Cell Systems
- The State of Manufacturing
- Exacting Assembly
- Anticipated Capacity
- Manufacturing Techniques
- Turning Carbon Directly into Electricity
- Old Dream
- Doubly Attractive
- Nanostructure is Important
- One Class of Fuels, Many Sources
- Costs Keep Things Interesting
- SiFC
- Conclusions of Well-to-Wheel Analysis of Advanced Fuel/Vehicle Systems
- A Fuel Cell Light Duty Truck Analysis
- A Fuel Cell Light Duty Truck Analysis (Continued)
- The First Comprehensive Study to Address WTW Emissions of Criteria
Pollutants
- The First Comprehensive Study .. (Continued)
- Fuel Cell Sector Revenues Exceed R&D Expenditures
- Revenue and Income
- Research and Development
- Demonstration Projects
- Perspective
- Future Outlook
- What's Ahead?
- Conclusion
- Integrated Fuel Cell Wins Electrolyzer Patent
- Integrated Fuel Cell Wins Electrolyzer Patent (Continued)
- TRANSPORTATION
- New York Joining Hydrogen Highway
- Solar Fuel Stations for Hydrogen Energy
- GM/Shell to Bring FC Cars to New York
- GM Wins Grant From Canada
- Nuvera, Deka Team for Forklift Power
- Honda Leases Two Cars to Las Vegas
- DaimlerChrysler Intros Next Gen F-Cell
- DOE Cost Shares Two FC Fleets
- GM Delivers FC Truck to the Army
- In-House Stack and Storage
- Toyota/Hino FC Bus for Aichi Expo
- DaimlerChrysler Delivers Two FCs to Bay Area
- Honda Leases First Private Family FCV
- Toyota Fuel Cell SUV Certified in Japan
- BMW-Honda-GM Pact to Standardize FC Equipment
- Alpha Trials of FC Forklifts Completed
- Intelligent Energy to Market FC Motorcycles
- Ballard to Supply Cellex with Fork Lift FCs
- China's FC Public Transit Moving Forward
- New Compressor for Fuel Cell Cars
- Ford Delivers FC Fleet
- Toyota Develops Fuel Cell Forklift
- DaimlerChrysler Gets 97 MPG
- German Road Certs for Hydrogenics
- Briefly Noted
- Hodge Moves into Advisory Role at Anuvu
- CUTE Fuel Cell Buses Operate in 10 European Cities
- Hydrogenics Provides Equipment to Japan's Automobile Research Institute
- Honda to Begin Leasing Pollution-Free Fuel Cell Vehicles
- WHO'S WHO IN FUEL CELLS
- FuelCell Energy Finding New Uses for Maturing MCFC Technologies
- FuelCell Energy Finding New Uses for .. (Continued)
- FuelCell Energy Finding New Uses for .. (Continued)
- FuelCell Energy Finding New Uses for .. (Continued)
- QuantumSphere Nano-Nickel Tests Positive for SOFC Cathodes
- QuantumSphere Nano-Nickel Tests .. (Continued)
- The IEA Hydrogen Implementation Agreement
- The IEA Hydrogen Implementation Agreement (Continued)
- The IEA Hydrogen Implementation Agreement (Continued)
- UTC Continues the Evolution of the PAFC
- UTC Continues the Evolution of the PAFC (Continued)
- UTC Continues the Evolution of the PAFC (Continued)
- The Extended Battery Life Working Group
- The Extended Battery Life Working Group (Continued)
- UPS Steadily Gets Its Feet Wet on Alternative Vehicles
- UPS Steadily Gets Its Feet Wet on .. (Continued)
- Gaia Power Takes Plug to the Home
- Gaia Power Takes Plug to the Home (Continued)
- Gaia Power Takes Plug to the Home (Continued)
- LIST OF TABLES
- Table 1 VALUE OF PREMIUM PORTABLE POWER SOURCES ($ Millions)
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