The Economics of Tantalum, 9th Edition 2005

SUMMARY

What this report gives you:

• Independent, in-depth research and analysis
• Essential market intelligence for successful business planning
• Detailed survey of production in 54 countries
• Up-to-date profi les of over 60 past, current and potential tantalum producing and processing companies and their activities, including Sons of Gwalia, Cabot and Stark, Parapanema and Plansee GmbH
• Forecasts for end-use consumption & world supply & demand

A valuable resource for:

• Chief executives
• Strategic planners
• Market researchers
• Financial analysts
• Information centres
• Product developers

Over the past few decades, the tantalum market has been characterised by long periods of stability, punctuated by sharp price rises created by strong global demand and fears, usually unfounded of impending raw material shortages. Stability was reinforced when Cabot and Stark, the world's largest tantalum processors, entered into long-term, fixed price supply contracts with Australia's Sons of Gwalia, the leading mine producer. Those arrangements helped keep prices in the open market fairly constant, even when global demand for tantalum entered into a period of strong growth during the second half of the 1990s, in response to rapid expansion of the demand for consumer electronics, and mobile telephones in particular. Booming sales of mobile telephones between 1998 and 2000 resulted in supplies of electronics components, including tantalum capacitors, becoming tight and prices increased. Demand for tantalum raw materials also increased, rising to levels that could not be met by the traditional suppliers. Spot tantalum prices rose to US$40-50/lb by mid-2000 and by December had reached US$240/lb. In early 2001, a number of capacitor manufacturers, made nervous by spiralling tantalum prices and the threat of raw material shortages entered into long-term, fixed-price contracts with processors. However, instead of continuing to grow, the mobile telephone market and aerospace industry turned downward in 2001. Tantalum prices started to fall sharply. By the end of the year prices were back to pre-boom levels, and in early 2005, spot prices remain at below US$40/lb.

Report Highlights

In 2005, the principal end-use markets for tantalum -- mobile phones and other electronic equipment, aerospace and automobile manufacturing -- have returned to long-term growth trend. That will not, however, fully translate into additional demand for tantalum. In the capacitor segment, smaller case sizes are reducing unit consumption of component materials, and tantalum is also losing market share to other materials, such as ceramics, aluminium and niobium in applications where it previously had little competition.

In 2003, an estimated 65% of the supply into the tantalum market was in the form of primary tantalum minerals. The balance was made up of secondary materials (22%) and tantalum contained in tin slags and tailings (13%). The principal sources of tantalum bearing tin wastes are stockpiles located in Malaysia and Thailand, which are a diminishing resource. In future, the tantalum market will be supplied entirely by primary production, mainly of hard-rock tantalites, and a growing amount of recycled material.

Worldwide, there are numerous deposits of tantalum that could be brought into production given the right market conditions. Some large projects are in advanced stages of development and could be operational in the fairly near future. Examples are Abu Dabbab in Egypt, Ghurayyah in Saudi Arabia, and the Big Whopper and Fir/Verity projects in Canada.

The commercialisation of new deposits could be the key to securing the future of much of the tantalum industry. Consumers have become cautious of tantalum because of uncertainty over raw materials availability and pricing. The supply base is currently rather narrow, with only a few large producers. It would only take a disruption in output from one major mine to throw the market into disarray once more and lead to redoubled efforts among capacitor manufacturers to eliminate tantalum from their products.

Sources and Methodology

This report is the result of an extensive programme of research by Roskill analysts. They have conducted a close appraisal ofinformation from a wide variety of sources, including governments, trade associations, company sources, official organisations, trade journals and technical literature.

Information gathering is only the first step in preparing a report. The data is then extensively analysed so that the finished report provides a comprehensive insight into the industry today, as well as top-level analysis of the long-term prospects.

Authoritative research in this report can help you:

• Explore commercial opportunities
• Gather intelligence on your competitors
• Strengthen your business capabilities
• Plan your materials buying & sourcing
• Assess key trends and growth areas
• Establish sales targets for your products
• Analyse company market share
• Save time searching for specialist information
• And improve your results

TABLE OF CONTENTS

• 1.Summary1
• 2.Introduction5
• 2.1Occurrence of tantalum minerals5
• 2.1.1Tin slags11
• 2.2Mining and processing of tantalum minerals12
• 3.Tantalum supply and demand15
• 3.1Supply chain overview15
• 3.2Primary tantalum supply17
• 3.3Secondary tantalum supply22
• 3.4Tantalum supply and demand balance23
• 3.4.1Processors' tantalum receipts and shipments23
• 3.4.2Outlook26
• 4.Production and processing of tantalum by country29
• 4.1Angola29
• 4.2Armenia29
• 4.3Argentina29
• 4.4Australia29
• 4.4.1Reserves of tantalum29
• 4.4.2Production of tantalum minerals30
• 4.4.3International trade in tantalum minerals and products31
• 4.4.4Past, current and potential producers of tantalum minerals32
• 4.4.4.1Australian Zirconia Ltd. (AZL)32
• 4.4.4.2Galaxy Resources Ltd.33
• 4.4.4.3Glengarry Resources Ltd.33
• 4.4.4.4Haddington Resources Ltd.34
• 4.4.4.5Julia Corp. Ltd.36
• 4.4.4.6Lynas Corp. Ltd.37
• 4.4.4.7Quantum Resources Ltd.37
• 4.4.4.8Queensland Tantalite Pty. Ltd.37
• 4.4.4.9Sons of Gwalia Ltd. (SoG)38
• 4.4.4.10Tantalum Australia NL (TAA)42
• 4.4.4.11International interests45
• 4.5Austria45
• 4.5.1Processors of tantalum46
• 4.5.1.1Plansee GmbH46
• 4.5.1.2Treibacher Industrie AG46
• 4.6Belgium47
• 4.7Bolivia47
• 4.8Brazil48
• 4.8.1Reserves of tantalum48
• 4.8.2Production of tantalum minerals48
• 4.8.3International trade in tantalum minerals49
• 4.8.4Producers of tantalum minerals49
• 4.8.4.1Cia. Industrial Fluminense49
• 4.8.4.2Paranapanema Group50
• 4.8.4.3Other51
• 4.9Burundi51
• 4.10Canada53
• 4.10.1Reserves of tantalum53
• 4.10.2Production of tantalum minerals55
• 4.10.3International trade in tantalum minerals56
• 4.10.4Current and potential producers of tantalum minerals57
• 4.10.4.1Avalon Ventures Ltd.57
• 4.10.4.2Beta Minerals Inc.60
• 4.10.4.3Commerce Resources Corp.60
• 4.10.4.4Tantalum Mining Corp. (TANCO)61
• 4.10.4.5Other62
• 4.11Chad65
• 4.12China66
• 4.12.1Reserves of tantalum66
• 4.12.2International trade in tantalum minerals and products66
• 4.12.3Production of tantalum minerals67
• 4.12.4Producers of tantalum minerals68
• 4.12.4.1Limu Non-Ferrous Metal Co.68
• 4.12.4.2Minning Tantalum-Niobium Mining Development68
• 4.12.4.3Xinjiang Non-Ferrous Metals Industry Corp.69
• 4.12.4.4Yichun Tantalum and Niobium Mine69
• 4.12.4.5Other69
• 4.12.5Processors of tantalum70
• 4.12.5.1Conghua Tantalum & Niobium Smelter70
• 4.12.5.2Jiujiang Tanbre Smeltery70
• 4.12.5.3Ninxia Orient Tantalum Industry Co. Ltd.70
• 4.12.5.4Zhuzhou Cemented Carbide Works (ZCCW)71
• 4.12.5.5Other71
• 4.13Congo Brazzaville72
• 4.14Côte d'Ivoire72
• 4.15Czech Republic73
• 4.16Democratic Republic of Congo73
• 4.16.1Production and exports of tantalum minerals73
• 4.16.2Producers of tantalum minerals75
• 4.16.2.1Société Minière et Industrielle du Kivu (Sominki)75
• 4.16.2.2Zairetain76
• 4.16.2.3Central African Mining & Exploration (CAMEC)76
• 4.17Egypt76
• 4.17.1Tantalum Egypt LLC76
• 4.18Equatorial Guinea78
• 4.19Estonia78
• 4.19.1AS Silmet78
• 4.20Ethiopia78
• 4.21Finland79
• 4.22France80
• 4.23Germany81
• 4.23.1International trade in tantalum minerals and products81
• 4.23.2Processors of tantalum81
• 4.23.2.1GfE81
• 4.23.2.2Freiberger NE-Metall GmbH82
• 4.23.2.3WC Heraeus GmbH82
• 4.23.2.4HC Starck GmbH & Co. KG82
• 4.24Ghana83
• 4.25Greenland83
• 4.26Guyana84
• 4.27Guyane85
• 4.28India85
• 4.29Ireland85
• 4.30Japan85
• 4.30.1Processors of tantalum85
• 4.30.1.1Cabot Supermetals KK86
• 4.30.1.2HC Starck-V Tech Ltd.86
• 4.30.1.3Mitsui Mining and Smelting Co.86
• 4.30.1.4Other86
• 4.30.2Tantalum consumption and trade87
• 4.31Kazakhstan88
• 4.31.1Reserves of tantalum88
• 4.31.2International trade in tantalum products89
• 4.31.3Producers and processors of tantalum89
• 4.31.3.1Belogorsky Mining-Concentrating Combine89
• 4.31.3.2Irtysh Polymetallurgical Works90
• 4.31.3.3Ulbinsky Metallurgical Plant (UMP)91
• 4.32Malawi91
• 4.33Malaysia92
• 4.33.1Reserves of tantalum92
• 4.33.2Production of tantalum minerals92
• 4.33.3International trade in tantalum minerals93
• 4.33.4Producers of tantalum minerals94
• 4.34Mongolia94
• 4.35Mozambique95
• 4.35.1Production of tantalum minerals95
• 4.35.2Current and potential producers of tantalum minerals95
• 4.35.2.1Hegemony Resources Ltda.95
• 4.35.2.2Fleming Family & Partners96
• 4.35.2.3Companhia Mineira do Morrua Lda.96
• 4.35.2.4Other96
• 4.36Namibia97
• 4.36.1Reserves of tantalum97
• 4.36.2Production of tantalum minerals98
• 4.36.3Past, current and potential producers of tantalum minerals98
• 4.36.3.1Tantalite Valley Mining98
• 4.36.3.2Central African Mining and Exploration Co. (CAMEC)99
• 4.36.3.3Reefton Mining NL99
• 4.36.3.4Other100
• 4.37Nigeria100
• 4.37.1Production of tantalum minerals100
• 4.38Portugal103
• 4.39Russia103
• 4.39.1Reserves of tantalum103
• 4.39.2Producers and processors of tantalum104
• 4.39.2.1Malyshevsky RudoUpravlenie104
• 4.39.2.2Novoorlovsky GOK104
• 4.39.2.3ZAO Lovozerskaya Mining and Enrichment Co.105
• 4.39.2.4Solikamsk Magnesium Works (SMZ)106
• 4.39.2.5JSC Uralredmet108
• 4.39.2.6Zabaikalsky GOK108
• 4.40Rwanda109
• 4.41Somalia111
• 4.42Saudi Arabia111
• 4.42.1Tertiary Minerals PLC111
• 4.43Sierra Leone112
• 4.44Singapore112
• 4.45South Africa112
• 4.46Spain113
• 4.47Thailand114
• 4.47.1Production of tantalum minerals114
• 4.47.2International trade in tantalum minerals and products115
• 4.47.3Producers and processors of tantalum115
• 4.47.3.1HC Starck (Thailand) Co. Ltd.115
• 4.47.3.2Thailand Smelting and Refining Co. (Thaisarco)116
• 4.48Uganda117
• 4.49Ukraine117
• 4.50UK117
• 4.50.1International interests117
• 4.50.2Tantalum processing and international trade in tantalum products118
• 4.51USA119
• 4.51.1Potential producers of tantalum minerals119
• 4.51.1.1Chapleau Resources Ltd.119
• 4.51.1.2Coosa Association120
• 4.51.2Tantalum processors and fabricators120
• 4.51.2.1Cabot Supermetals121
• 4.51.2.2Kennametal Inc.123
• 4.51.2.3HC Starck Inc.123
• 4.51.2.4Other124
• 4.51.3DLA stockpile and sales125
• 4.51.4International trade in tantalum minerals and products126
• 4.52Venezuela126
• 4.53Zambia127
• 4.54Zimbabwe127
• 5.Consumption of tantalum129
• 6.End-uses of tantalum134
• 6.1Tantalum capacitors134
• 6.1.1Capacitor materials134
• 6.1.2Tantalum capacitor types135
• 6.1.3Tantalum powder and capacitor development137
• 6.1.4Demand for tantalum capacitors138
• 6.1.5Principal capacitor market drivers140
• 6.1.5.1Mobile telephones140
• 6.1.5.2Personal computers142
• 6.1.5.3Mass storage143
• 6.1.5.4Automotive uses143
• 6.1.5.5Digital cameras143
• 6.1.6Consumption of tantalum in capacitors144
• 6.1.7Tantalum capacitor manufacturers145
• 6.1.7.1AVX Corp.146
• 6.1.7.2Elna Co. Ltd.147
• 6.1.7.3Epcos AG147
• 6.1.7.4Fujitsu Media Devices Ltd.149
• 6.1.7.5Hitachi AIC149
• 6.1.7.6Kemet Corp.149
• 6.1.7.7NEC Tokin Corp.151
• 6.1.7.8Nichicon Corp.152
• 6.1.7.9Ningxia Xingri Electronics Co. Ltd. (NXRE)152
• 6.1.7.10Nippon Chemi-Con152
• 6.1.7.11Panasonic Industrial152
• 6.1.7.12Partsnic Co. Ltd.153
• 6.1.7.13Shenzhen Capacitors Industrial Co. Ltd.153
• 6.1.7.14Vishay Intertechnology Inc.153
• 6.2Other electronic applications154
• 6.3Alloy additives156
• 6.3.1Superalloys157
• 6.3.1.1Development of nickel-based superalloys157
• 6.3.1.2Production and consumption of superalloys158
• 6.3.1.3Consumption of tantalum in nickel-based superalloys161
• 6.3.1.4Aerospace industry trends162
• 6.3.1.5Land-based power generation trends164
• 6.4Tantalum mill products165
• 6.4.1Use of tantalum mill products166
• 6.4.2Corrosion-resistant applications for tantalum mill products167
• 6.4.3Other uses170
• 6.4.3.1Surgical uses170
• 6.4.3.2Ballistics171
• 6.4.3.3Spinnerets172
• 6.4.3.4Ultra-high vacuum getter pumps172
• 6.4.3.5Radio nuclide encapsulation172
• 6.5Tantalum carbides173
• 6.5.1Production of tantalum carbide173
• 6.5.2Producers and consumers of tantalum carbide178
• 6.5.3Demand for cemented carbides179
• 6.6Tantalum chemicals183
• 7.Tantalum prices185
• 7.1Tantalum ores and concentrates185
• 7.2Tantalum products193

List of Tables

• Table 1: Properties of tantalum5
• Table 2: Principal tantalum-bearing minerals6
• Table 3: World: Summary of principal tantalum mines and deposits8
• Table 4: World: Primary production of tantalum, 1976 to 200318
• Table 5: World: Production of tantalum concentrates, 1999 to 200319
• Table 6: World: Production of tantalum concentrates, 1999 to 200320
• Table 7: World: Summary of principal sources of primary tantalum, 200322
• Table 8: Processors' receipts of tantalum, 1991 to 200324
• Table 9: Processors' receipts and shipments of tantalum, 1991 to 200325
• Table 10: Australia: Production of tantalum minerals, 1973 to 200330
• Table 11: Australia: Summary of Identified trade in tantalum minerals andproducts, 2000 to 200432
• Table 12: Haddington Resources: Production of tantalum minerals at Bald Hill, 2002 to 200535
• Table 13: Sons of Gwalia: Tantalum minerals reserves and resources40
• Table 14: Sons of Gwalia: Production of tantalum minerals, 1999 to 200440
• Table 15: Austria: Summary of identified trade in tantalum minerals and products,2000 to 200445
• Table 16: Bolivia: Production of tantalum minerals, 1989 to 199847
• Table 17: Brazil: Production of tantalum minerals, 1999 to 200348
• Table 18: Brazil: Summary of identified trade in tantalum minerals, 2000 to 200449
• Table 19: Paranapanema group: Hard rock resources at Rocha Sã50
• Table 20: Burundi: Production of columbite-tantalite and tantalum, 1992 to 200352
• Table 21: Burundi: Exports of columbite-tantalite concentrates by company, 200152
• Table 22: Canada: Summary of significant tantalum minerals resources53
• Table 23: Canada: Production of tantalum ores and concentrates, 1973 to 200356
• Table 24: Canada: Summary of identified trade in tantalum minerals andproducts, 2000 to 200457
• Table 25: TANCO: Recovery of tantalum62
• Table 26: China: Summary of tantalum minerals deposits66
• Table 27: China: Summary of identified trade in tantalum minerals and products, 2000 to 200467
• Table 28: Conghua Tantalum & Niobium Smelter: Capacity and production, 199870
• Table 29: Democratic Republic of Congo: Production of tantalum mineralsconcentrates, 1973 to 200374
• Table 30: Egypt: Tantalum minerals resources at Abu Dabbab77
• Table 31: Egypt: Tantalum minerals resources at Nuweibi78
• Table 32: Ethiopia: Production of tantalum minerals, 1996 to 200379
• Table 33: France: Summary of identified trade in tantalum minerals and products,2000 to 200480
• Table 34: Germany: Summary of identified trade in tantalum minerals and products, 2000 to 200481
• Table 35: HC Starck: Typical assays of tin slags and synthetic concentrates83
• Table 36: Japan New Metals: Compositions of tantalum carbide, boride powders87
• Table 37: Japan: Summary of identified trade in tantalum minerals and products, 2000 to 200488
• Table 38: Kazakhstan: Principal deposits of tantalum and niobium-bearing ores88
• Table 39: Kazakhstan: Reported imports of tantalum metal from Kazakhstan,1999 to 200389
• Table 40: Malaysia: Production of struverite and cassiterite, 1980 to 200393
• Table 41: Malaysia: Summary of identified trade in tantalum minerals, 1999 to 200494
• Table 42: Mozambique: Production of tantalum minerals, 1973 to 198695
• Table 43: Mozambique: Production of tantalum minerals, 2000 to 200395
• Table 44: Namibia: Summary of tantalum minerals resources97
• Table 45: Namibia: Production of tantalite concentrate1, 1981 to 199598
• Table 46: Namibia: Production of tantalum minerals, 2000 to 200398
• Table 47: Nigeria: Production of tantalum minerals, 1999 to 2003100
• Table 48: Nigeria: Summary of identified trade1 in tantalum minerals, 2000 to 2004101
• Table 49: Columbia River Resources: Summary of sampling results101
• Table 50: Russia: Principal deposits of tantalum and niobium-bearing ores104
• Table 51: Solikamsk Magnesium Works: Composition of tantalum products107
• Table 52: Rwanda: Mines operated by REDEMI109
• Table 53: Rwanda: Production of tantalum minerals, 1973 to 2003110
• Table 54: Spain: Production of tantalum minerals, 1980 to 1995113
• Table 55: Thailand: Production of tantalum metal and oxide powder, 1996 to 2002115
• Table 56: Thailand: Summary of identified trade in tantalum minerals and products,2000 to 2004115
• Table 57: UK: Summary of international trade in tantalum products, 1993 to 2004118
• Table 58: USA: Principal processors of tantalum, 2003120
• Table 59: Cabot Supermetals: Tantalum products and applications123
• Table 60: USA: DLA stockpile status, FY 2004125
• Table 61: USA: Summary of international trade in tantalum minerals and products,2000 to 2004126
• Table 62: Zimbabwe: Production of tantalum minerals, 1980 to 2003128
• Table 63: World: Processors' shipments of tantalum products, 1985 to 2003130
• Table 64: Processors' shipments of tantalum by material type, 1999 to 2003131
• Table 65: Japan: Consumption of tantalum, 1990 to 2004132
• Table 66: Comparison of dielectric materials135
• Table 67: Applications for tantalum and ceramic capacitors135
• Table 68: Tantalum powder development needs137
• Table 69: Dimensions of capacitor cases138
• Table 70: Case size and capacitance of tantalum capacitors138
• Table 71: World: Sales of mobile telephones by region, 2004142
• Table 72: World: Shipments of tantalum for capacitor manufacture, 1985 to 2003144
• Table 73: Elna: Type list for tantalum chip capacitors147
• Table 74: Epcos: Technical data for tantalum electrolytic capacitors148
• Table 75: Summary of principal1 tantalum-bearing alloys156
• Table 76: General effects of alloying elements on nickel-based superalloys157
• Table 77: Composition of typical single crystal nickel-based superalloys158
• Table 78: Japan: Shipments of nickel alloys and superalloys by type,1995 to 2002159
• Table 79: World: Principal superalloy producers161
• Table 80: Processors' shipments of tantalum ingot, 1999 to 2003161
• Table 81: Processors' shipments of tantalum ingot for alloy additives, 1984 to 1998162
• Table 82: Forecast aircraft engine deliveries, 2003 to 2022163
• Table 83: Mechanical properties of tantalum mill products166
• Table 84: World: processors' shipments of tantalum mill products, 1985 to 2003167
• Table 85: Reagents to which tantalum is not chemically resistant168
• Table 86: Corrosion rates for tantalum in hydrochloric acid169
• Table 87: World: Processors' shipments of tantalum carbide, 1985 to 2003175
• Table 88: Japan: Consumption of tantalum carbide in ultra-hard tools, 1988 to 2004176
• Table 89: Physical properties of tantalum carbide177
• Table 90: Basic physical properties of selected carbides177
• Table 91: General Carbide: Cemented carbides containing tantalum carbide177
• Table 92: Tantalum carbide suppliers and fabricators178
• Table 93: World: Production of passenger vehicles, 1997 to 2003180
• Table 94: World: Processors' shipments of tantalum oxides, K-salt and other compounds, 1985 to 2003184
• Table 95: USA: Average year-end prices for tantalite, 1990 to 2004186
• Table 96: Prices of tantalum ores, 1985 to 2001188
• Table 97: Prices for selected tantalum products, 1992 to 1999193
• Table 98: Japan: Average year-end values for tantalum products, 1999 to 2003193

List of Figures

• Figure 1: World: Processors' shipments of tantalum, 1995 to 20031
• Figure 2: Tin-tantalum processing at Greenbushes13
• Figure 3: Solvent extraction of tantalum and niobium compounds14
• Figure 4: World: Primary production of tantalum, 1976 to 200318
• Figure 5: World: Production of tantalum concentrates by principal countries, 200321
• Figure 6: Processors' receipts of tantalum, 1991 to 200324
• Figure 7: Processors' receipts and shipments of tantalum, 1991 to 200325
• Figure 8: Processors' shipments of tantalum by material type, 2003129
• Figure 9: World: Processors' shipments of tantalum products, 1985 to 2003130
• Figure 10: USA: Consumption of tantalum, 1982 to 2004132
• Figure 11: Japan: Shipments of tantalum capacitors, 1992 to 2004139
• Figure 12: USA: Shipments of capacitors of all types, 1997 to 2003140
• Figure 13: World: Sales of mobile telephones, 1998 to 2005141
• Figure 14: Market share of principal manufacturers of mobile telephones, Q2 2004142
• Figure 15: World: Shipments of tantalum for capacitor manufacture, 1985 to 2003145
• Figure 16: Kemet: Sales of capacitors, 2000 to 2004151
• Figure 17: World: Consumption of high-performance alloys by region, 1999160
• Figure 18: World: Demand for high performance alloys by end-use, 2001160
• Figure 19: World: Processors' shipments of tantalum carbide, 1985 to 2003175
• Figure 20: World: Comparison of automobile production and processors'shipments of tantalum carbide, 1997 to 2003181
• Figure 21: Japan: Comparison of automobile production and consumption oftantalum carbide, 1997 to 2003182
• Figure 22: USA: Sales of printed circuit boards, 1996 to 2003183
• Figure 23: World: Processors' shipments of tantalum oxides, K-salt and othercompounds, 1985 to 2003184
• Figure 24: USA: Average annual price of tantalite ore, 1960 to 2004185

List of Appendices

Appendix A: International trade statistics A1-A17

List of Appendix A Tables

• Table A1: Australia: Exports of tantalum wrought and articles thereofA1
• Table A2: Austria: Imports of niobium, tantalum and vanadium ores and concentratesA1
• Table A3: Austria: Imports of tantalum, unwrought, including bars and rods obtained simply by sintering; tantalum waste and scrap; tantalum powdersA1
• Table A4: Belgium: Imports of niobium and tantalum ores and concentratesA1
• Table A5: Brazil: Exports of niobium, tantalum and vanadium ores and concentratesA2
• Table A6: Brazil: Imports of niobium, tantalum & vanadium ores & concentratesA2
• Table A7: Canada: Exports of niobium, tantalum & vanadium ores & concentratesA2
• Table A8: China: Exports of niobium, tantalum and vanadium ores and concentratesA2
• Table A9: China: Exports of tantalum unwrought; waste and scrap; powdersA3
• Table A10: China: Exports of tantalum wrought and articles thereofA3
• Table A11: China: Imports of niobium, tantalum and vanadium ores and concentratesA4
• Table A12: China: Imports of tantalum unwrought; waste and scrap; powdersA4
• Table A13: France: Exports of tantalum and articles thereof, nesoiA4
• Table A14: France: Imports of tantalum, unwrought, including bars and rods obtained simply by sintering; tantalum waste and scrap; tantalum powdersA5
• Table A15: Germany: Exports of niobium and tantalum ores and concentratesA5
• Table A16: Germany: Exports of unwrought tantalum, incl. bars and rods of tantalum obtained simply by sintering; powders of tantalumA5
• Table A17: Germany: Exports of tantalum waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues containing tantalum)A5
• Table A18: Germany: Imports of ash and residues containing mainly niobium or tantalumA6
• Table A19: Germany: Imports of unwrought tantalum, incl. bars and rods of tantalum obtained simply by sintering; powders of tantalumA6
• Table A20: Germany: Imports of tantalum waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues containing tantalum)A6
• Table A21: Indonesia: Imports of niobium, tantalum and other ores and concentratesA7
• Table A22: Japan: Exports of unwrought tantalum including bars and rods obtained simply by sintering; waste and scrap; powdersA7
• Table A23: Japan: Imports of unwrought tantalum and powdersA7
• Table A24: Japan: Imports of tantalum waste and scrapA8
• Table A25: Japan: Imports of tantalum flakesA8
• Table A26: Japan: Imports of tantalum and articles thereof nesA8
• Table A27: Mexico: Exports of tantalum and articles thereof, nesoiA8
• Table A28: Mexico: Imports of tantalum and articles thereof, nesoiA9
• Table A29: Netherlands: Imports of niobium and tantalum ores and concentratesA9
• Table A30: Singapore: Imports of niobium, tantalum and other ores and concentratesA9
• Table A31: Taiwan: Exports of waste and scrap, tantalum waste and scrap, tantalumA10
• Table A32: Taiwan: Exports of tantalum waste and scrapA10
• Table A33: Thailand: Exports of struverite (columbium tantalum)A10
• Table A34: Thailand: Imports of tanrutaliteA10
• Table A35: Thailand: Imports of struverite (columbium tantalum)A11
• Table A36: United Kingdom: Exports of unwrought tantalum, incl. bars and rods of tantalum obtained simply by sintering; powders of tantalumA11
• Table A37: United Kingdom: Exports of tantalum waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues containing tantalum)A11
• Table A38: United Kingdom: Exports of tantalum bars and rods (other than those obtained simply by sintering), profiles, wire, plates, sheets, strip andfoil, N.E.S.A11
• Table A39: United Kingdom: Exports of articles of tantalum, N.E.S.A12
• Table A40: United Kingdom: Imports of unwrought tantalum, incl. bars and rods of tantalum obtained simply by sintering; powders of tantalumA12
• Table A41: United Kingdom: Imports of tantalum waste and scrap (excl. ash and residues containing tantalum)A12
• Table A42: United Kingdom: Imports of tantalum bars and rods (other than those obtained simply by sintering), profiles, wire, plates, sheets, strip and foil, N.E.S.A13
• Table A43: United Kingdom: Imports of articles of tantalum, N.E.S.A13
• Table A44: United States: Exports of synthetic tantalum-niobium (columbium) concentratesA13
• Table A45: United States: Exports of tantalum ores and concentratesA14
• Table A46: United States: Exports of tantalum waste and scrapA14
• Table A47: United States: Exports of tantalum powdersA14
• Table A48: United States: Exports of tantalum unwrought, including bars and rods obtained simply by sinteringA15
• Table A49: United States: Exports of tantalum, wroughtA15
• Table A50: United States: Imports of synthetic tantalum-niobium (columbium) concentratesA15
• Table A51: United States: Imports of niobium (columbium) ores and concentratesA15
• Table A52: United States: Imports of tantalum ores and concentratesA16
• Table A53: United States: Imports of tantalum waste and scrapA16
• Table A54: United States: Imports of tantalum powdersA16
• Table A55: United States: Imports of tantalum unwrought, including bars and rods obtained simply by sinteringA17
• Table A56: United States: Imports of tantalum, wroughtA17