Nanoelectronics: Markets; Applications; and Technology Developments

SUMMARY

Miniaturization is the Key

Exciting nanofabrication techniques have unfolded different methods tofabricate nanowires, quantum wells, and nanotubes which function as the buildingblocks of future nanoelectronic devices. The new world of nano devices would becomparatively faster, will produce less energy, will utilize less material andwill consume only very less space. Working at the nano scale will lead tounprecedented products in electronics, biotechnology, medicine, transportation,national security and other fields. Progress in the carbon nanotube andsemiconductor nanowire has been extremely rapid. These advancements haveprovided researchers with a model system to explore and test future nano scaledevices and systems.

A little bit of Nano in everything

Nanoscale devices will change the way we live. Nanoelectronics will have asignificant impact on the semiconductor industry. All electronics related itemslike memory devices, storage devices, display devices, and communication deviceswill also feel the effect of the nanoelectronics wave. From transistors to thecomputers they fit in, every single device will undergo transformation.Nanoscale devices will enable the creation of a new world of innovativeproducts, such as biosensors, molecular memory, spin based electronic products,and flexible and light-weight photovoltaic cells.

Molecular electronics and spintronics would drive the growth ofnanoelectronics

Breakthroughs in molecular electronics coming from Hewlett Packard (HP) andmany other developers and the emergence of spin-based computing are the drivingfactors in the growth of nanoelectronics. HP's research laboratory has announcedthat it has created the highest density electronically addressable memory todate. The time-to-market in this industry is becoming shorter, and this hasserved as a morale booster for all the nanotechnology companies and venturecapitalists. The other main driving factor has been the emergence of spintronicswithin nanoelectronics. It is believed that spin-based computing will become areality in the distant future.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. Executive Summary

• 1. Research Content
  • 1. The Transition from Basic Research
  • 2. Unique Features; Research Methodology; and Scope

2. Introduction to Nanoelectronics

• 1. Roadmap to Nanoelectronics
  • 1. Evolution of Nanoelectronics
  • 2. Quantum Dots and Molecular Quantum Dots
• 2. Nanoparticles and NEMS
  • 1. Nanoparticles
  • 2. MEMS Today; NEMS Tomorrow

3. Carbon Nanotubes

• 1. Building Blocks for Nanoelectronics
  • 1. Types and Properties of Carbon Nanotubes
  • 2. SWNTs and Semiconductance
• 2. Applications
  • 1. Transistors
  • 2. Single Electron Transistors
  • 3. Interconnects
  • 4. Mobile Applications
  • 5. Transforming X-Ray Technology
  • 6. Flat-Panel Displays
  • 7. Long-Lasting Batteries
  • 8. Hydrogen Storage
  • 9. Logic Gates
  • 10. The Applications Challenge

4. Nanowires

• 1. Wiring Up Nanoelectronics
  • 1. Manufacturing Techniques and Properties
  • 2. Synthesis of Silicon Nanowires
• 2. Applications
  • 1. Semiconductor Nanowires
  • 2. Nanowires as Transistors and Diodes
  • 3. Nanolasers
  • 4. Nanowires in Electronic Circuits and LEDs
  • 5. Recent Developments in Nanowires

5. Nanoscale Memory

• 1. Future of Microelectronics
  • 1. Scaling from CMOS Technology
  • 2. Non-Volatile Memory in the Future
• 2. Memory and Logic Devices
  • 1. From DRAM to NRAM
  • 2. FRAM
  • 3. Advantages and Applications of FRAM

6. Molecular Electronics

• 1. Introduction and Concepts
  • 1. Moletronics
  • 2. Molecular Diodes
• 2. Moelcular Devices
  • 1. Single Hybrid Molecular Device
  • 2. Building Electronic Devices Using Lithography
• 3. Logic Gates; Self-Assembled Monolayer; and Molecular Memory
  • 1. Molecular Switch and Logic Gates
  • 2. Molecular Memory and ZettaCore Memory
  • 3. Applications
  • 4. Hewlett Packard and Molecular Memory
  • 5. Molecular Manufacturing

7. Spintronics

• 1. Emergence of Spintronics
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Operating Principle
• 2. Spintronics and Semiconductors
  • 1. Magnetic Spin Semiconductor
  • 2. Spin Movement and Injection
  • 3. Different Methods of Injection
  • 4. Spin Detection and Spin Transfer
• 3. Spin FET and Spin Transistor
  • 1. Spin-Based FET and Transistor
  • 2. Applications
• 4. Spin-Based Computing
  • 1. Getting Ready for Spin-Based Computing
  • 2. Plastic-Based Spin Computing
  • 3. Research on Spin Computing
• 5. Quantum Computing
  • 1. Principle behind Quantum Computing
  • 2. Route to Practical Quantum Computer
  • 3. Obstacles and Future Outlook

8. Trends in Nanoelectronics

• 1. Nanoelectronics Trends
  • 1. From Silicon Chip to Carbon Nanotube
  • 2. Emerging Devices
  • 3. The Economics and Hurdles of Nanoelectronics
  • 4. Staying on the Road
  • 5. How Long Will Silicon Stay?
  • 6. Recent Developments in the Field of Silicon
  • 7. A Little Bit of Nano in Everything
  • 8. Expectations Galore
• 2. Factors Driving this Technology
  • 1. Major Drivers
  • 2. Competition within Nanotechnology

9. The R&D Status

• 1. R&D in Nanoelectronics
  • 1. Budget Allocation in the United States and Europe
  • 2. Budget Allocation in Asia

10. Technical Insights' Science and Technology 2002 Awards

• 1. Technology Innovation
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Award Winner
• 2. Technology Leadership
  • 1. Introduction
  • 2. Award Winner

11. Recent Patents; Glossary; and Contact List

• 1. Recent Patents
  • 1. Selected Patents Assigned in 2002
  • 2. Selected Patents Assigned Before 2002
• 2. Glossary and Contact List
  • 1. From A-Z
  • 2. Contact List